The West Virginia Symphony Orchestra (WVSO) started in 1939 as the Charleston Civic Orchestra, giving its first concert on November 14, 1939. In 1943, its name was changed to the Charleston Symphony Orchestra. During World War II, the orchestra created a clever plan: it partnered with local chemical companies that agreed to hire engineers and chemists who were also symphony musicians. This helped keep the orchestra going and gained national attention.

The symphony has had many conductors over the years. In 1988, the name was changed to the West Virginia Symphony Orchestra to show its growing role across the entire state. The WVSO's season grew, adding a chorus, performing operas, and touring all over the state. Their new home became the Clay Center for the Arts & Sciences in Charleston.

Many famous soloists and conductors have performed with the orchestra, including Itzhak Perlman, Yo-Yo Ma, and Ella Fitzgerald.